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Archive for the ‘Diabetes Mellitus’ Category

Gastrointestinal Function in Diabetes Mellitus

Gastrointestinal function represents an important, and hitherto inappropriately neglected, aspect of diabetes management. Disordered gastrointestinal motor and sensory function occurs frequently in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and may be associated with gastrointestinal symptoms that adversely affect quality of life.

During the last two decades there has been a rapid expansion in knowledge in this area. It is now recognised that upper gastrointestinal motility is pivotal to the regulation of postprandial blood glucose concentrations in both health and patients with diabetes. This book is the first of its kind and was stimulated by the need to consolidate these recent advances, which dictate that a knowledge of gastroenterology as it relates to diabetes is now required of the clinician/diabetologist.

• Features an organ-specific overview of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of disordered gastrointestinal (including hepatobiliary and pancreatic) function in diabetes mellitus

• Contains guidelines for the clinician, diabetologist and gastroenterologist for both diagnosis and management

• Includes a comprehensive description of the relation between gastrointestinal function, gastrointestinal hormones, autonomic nerve function and glycaemic control in animal models

• Covers the development of new treatment options, particularly those targeted at the reduction of postprandial hyperglycaemia, to optimise glycaemic control

This book will be of interest to gastroenterologists, diabetologists, specialist nurses and clinical researchers.

List Price: $ 170.00

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Insulin Reaction Overview

Insulin Reaction Overview

An insulin reaction is an excessively low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia), usually lower than 50 mg/dL. Insulin reactions result from an excess of insulin via an injection or an excess of an insulin-stimulating oral hypoglycemic agent, usually in the sulfonylurea class of drugs. Insulin reactions are more common in people with severe diabetes. Hypoglycemia occurs more often when a person is attempting to achieve near normal blood sugar levels.

INSULIN STORAGE AND POTENCY

Insulin from various manufacturers is often made available to patients in an emergency and may be different from a patient’s usual insulin. After a disaster, patients in the affected area may not have access to refrigeration.  According to the product labels from all three U.S. insulin manufacturers, it is recommended that insulin be stored in a refrigerator at approximately 35 to 46 degrees F.  Unopened and stored in this manner, these products maintain potency until the expiration date on the package.  However, all of the available insulin products may be left unrefrigerated (between 59 and 86 degrees F) for up to 28 days and still maintain potency.

How does insulin help diabetes?

People with Type 1 diabetes produce inadequate amounts of insulin, so insulin replacement is their key treatment.

Without adequate insulin replacement, people with Type 1 diabetes will see their blood sugar levels rise and the body will start to burn up its fat stores. In a few days this leads to a condition called diabetic acidosis, which is life threatening.

Alternative Devices for Taking Insulin

Many people who take insulin to manage their diabetes inject the insulin with a needle and syringe that delivers insulin just under the skin. Several other devices for taking insulin are available, and new approaches are under development. For more information about insulin, see Medicines for People with Diabetes.
Injection aids are devices that help users give injections with needles and syringes through the use of spring-loaded syringe holders or stabilizing guides. Many of these aids use push-button systems to administer the injection.

Insulin pens can be helpful if you want the convenience of carrying insulin with you in a discreet way. An insulin pen looks like a pen with a cartridge. Some of these devices use replaceable cartridges of insulin; other pen models

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus – The Treatments, Symptoms, and Management

“Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas.” Anyway, now that the terminology is out of the way, lets take a look at this killer disease.

Want to know what some of the symptoms are?

Type 1 diabetes has some of the same symptoms as type 2 diabetes. That is why it is sometimes confused with type 2. They are:

* Increased thirst
* Frequent urination
* Increase hunger
* Blurred vision
* Tiredness/fatigue
* Weight loss

What is the difference between types 1 and 2? With type 1 diabetes mellitus, little or no insulin is produced by the pancreas (hormone needed for converting sugar to energy.) The only way to replace it is by insulin injections.

With Type 2 diabetes, the body either resists insulin or does not produce enough to convert sugar to energy.

What to do to test for type 1 diabetes?

Doctors test for type 1 diabetes using the C-peptide assay (this measures your body’s production of insulin.)

How do you treat type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Treatment includes not only insulin injections and monitoring your blood sugar, but also eating right and doing regular exercises. The only known cure is pancreas transplant for those with type 1 diabetes.

How can I manage my diabetes?

* Schedule a physical yearly
* Keep an eye on your feet for sores/infections
* Schedule regular eye exams
* Keep your blood pressure down
* Keep your teeth healthy. Brush at least twice a day
* Keep your immunizations up-to-date (such as flu shot)
* Keep your cholesterol low

Type 1 diabetes mellitus most often starts in early childhood (also know as “Juvenile diabetes.”) But actually it can develop at any age, even in adulthood.

The cause of type 1 diabetes is not yet known. However, genetics may play an important part in the disease.

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